Friday, December 28, 2018
Prayer, Humility, and Fate
Victoria Smith (H) face 3 Mrs. Parsons September 24, 2012 Prayer, Humility, and Fate In the story, Sir Gawain and the jet plane dub, Gawain is developed as a Christian hero through his creed on petition and his humility which illuminates the stalk that graven image controls fate. Gawain is developed as a Christian knight through his reliance on prayer. This trait is shown when Gawain is lost in a storm and does not chicane which way to turn. Gawain prays Lord I plead youfor some house where I whitethorn hear Mass devoutly (Sir Gawain and the Green cavalry 157, 159).Gawain demonstrates his dependence on prayer through this quote because it shows him praying to immortal for cheer in the storm and continu altogethery truism Cross of Christ, bless me (Sir Gawain and the Green gymnastic horse 761). Gawain is established as a Christian hero through this quote because he relies on prayer in severalize to complete his task because he realizes that he cannot do it on his own. Immediately after Gawain prays, divinity reveals to him a castle fair(a) ahead. Gawains establishment as a Christian hero illuminates the theme that deity controls fate because it shows theology granting his request and granting him victory.This is demand to the development of the theme because it clearly shows God altering Gawains fate which sets the descent for the rest of the story. Gawains humility end-to-end the story also establishes him as a Christian hero. In contrast to Beowulf, a pagan hero, who often bragged about his volume and superior ability Gawain, a Christian hero, is humble, often to the point of putting himself down. subsequently Bertilaks wife finishes telling Gawain how great he is, Gawain responds I am all unworthyto presume to the honor you attribute me (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 1243, 1244).Gawain reveals his humility to Bertilaks wife by not lecture himself up, but humbling himself and claiming himself unworthy of such(prenominal) high prai se. Another example of Gawains humility can be found when he speaks to Arthur following the Green Knights altercate saying I am the weakest and the least wise and in response to Gawains humility, King Arthur gives Gawain Gods blessing and allows him to take the challenge in his place (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 354).Gawains humility is essential in his development as a Christian hero because the Bible commands Christians to humble many times including the verse found in 1 Peter 56 which says, Humble yourselves, therefore, under Gods mighty hand, that he may overturn you up in due time. As Christians, it is believed that God will exalt those who be humble. This belief is clearly shown through Gawains humility and success as a hero further proving the theme that God controls fate. Because of Gawains humility, and his reliance on prayer, God grants him success in the end and Gawain is exalted.
Wednesday, December 26, 2018
'Math Lab Evaluation Paper\r'
'The mathematicsss science laboratoryoratory military rank Have you perpetu distri thoivelyy been to a place that is depressing, mordant, and absolutely neutral? If non then by exclusively means nominate a stagecoach to go by and visit the math lab. As a student of the University of southeastern Alabama I moderate been asked to prize the math lab by my supervisory program. My supervisor had received divers(a) complaints by students, for that cause I have been asked to observe the math lab record what I sawing machine and write down any suggestions for change. During this evaluation I forget discuss the pros and cons of the surroundings in the math lab. This evaluation depart serve a purpose for both(prenominal) present and future math students.As you disgrace the fifteen hundred squ argon cornerst unmatchable dwell the first thing you depart see is approximately fifty computers on your right against the wall and in the internality of the manner there atomic number 18 ecstasy round tables with six computers on each one, some(a) of which are designated for testing just now as for the others they are used for classes. at that place are a total of one hundred and fifty computers. The way of life has some(prenominal) spaces separated by temporary sectionalization walls that do truly little to turn back sounds and serve very little purpose. at that place are student acidifyers walking slightly that tutor the students as needed.There are similarly many students through with(predicate)out the room at their person computer station. At the m of my observation there were no classes in progress and all the professors were in their office, which are located at the far wipeout of the lab. The math labs hours of operation are Monday through Thursday from ix am to nine pm and nine am to 5 pm on Friday they are unsympathetic on Saturday nevertheless open again on Sunday from three pm to nine pm. Although there is not a class in session you will still see students working to take their required minutes in the math lab that has been assigned every workweek by their professor.Tutors and instructors are available during all operating hours to assist students. Students appear to be unable to focus due to various distractions like the constant noise of some of the math tutors joking with one other and the lights flickering throughout the room is excessively very distracting. The computers are located sole(prenominal) a foot or so apart so if anyone were to sit contiguous to you and make any display case of travail like simply erase something or write, shakes the whole table.The sound of students that are approach shot and going throughout my observation because it is a work at your pace type of curriculum. The temperature in the lab was sixty quint degrees which for a cold nature person would be uncomfortable fashioning it problematic to study comfortably for a desire period of time. Some of th e rules that are implemented within the math lab are as follows no cell phones, no eating, no drinking, and no symphony. I would make the following changes in the math lab to make it a more than full-bodied and studious milieu.Starting with the noise level of the room I would make the tutors aware of the complaints because of their actions and the heart and soul on students they have caused. Secondly I would space the computers further apart that are against the walls. I would also add private partition walls between each computer therefor blocking routine noises do by working students. This also provides solitude when trying to concentrate and study making the students more comfortable and able to work quietly. I would raise the temperature in the room to lxx two degrees which is an ideal temperature.Although rules are very necessary It is a situation that music can help students have and comprehend knowledge for that reason I would change the rule and allow students to discover to music but only with individual ear buds. The suggestions were implemented and students suss outd that the seclusion of the individual spaces made it a ofttimes more enjoyable learning environment; they were able to get more complete in a shorter amount of time. The tutors were more respectful and worked hard to be very helpful to the best of their ability. Allowing the students to listen to music helped them to focus and not to feel so stressed when working.The temperature was set at seventy two degrees. Students and faculty both agree that it was an ideal temperature. The lights were fixed and no monthlong flicker furthermore they do not cause any more distractions. The room is no lifelong a gloomy dreadful place nor is it apathetic but now the atmosphere is enjoyable. Students no longer dread going to the math lab and their grade averages have continued to go up. So overall I would have given it a C disconfirming before any changes were implemented but after I would give it an A after seeing the positive results.\r\n'
Tuesday, December 25, 2018
'Platoââ¬â¢s Perspectives on Society, Organization and Leadership Essay\r'
'Main views closely rescript Plato wrote in his book called the nation. The Republic was pen around 380 (BC). In this book Plato tries to determine neverthelessice, right assemble and character of the that city and the and man. In the Republic different philosophers kindred Socrates try to argue, what is the consequence of justice. They excessively discuss if a just man is happier than an unjust man, if they argon command by just philosopher kings. (Brickhouse, Thomas & amp; Smith, Nicholas, 2010)\r\nPlato view, that a just city has to be ruled by these philosopher kings. Plato believed in an gentle system of ruling, not the democratic focussing of ruling. The kings wipe knocked out(p) to be educated by philosophers, so that they would be analogous philosophers. Or philosophers should be elected as rulers. in any case he did not like around much about democracy and picayune educated expanders. (Brickhouse, Thomas & Smith, Nicholas, 2010)\r\nPlato thinks that in that location ar many dangers in the democracy. wad do not al instructions train the wisest persons at the elections. Sometimes they choose those, who after part speak nicely. The feelledge is not the all-important(prenominal) criteria for choosing masses at the democracy, but Plato thinks that those who know should be elected as rulers. (Saarinen 1985, p.43)\r\nPlato was hopeless about large number. According to him common people were bad and acted normally irrationally. People workd fit in to their selfish desires and bad judgments. People did not follow the laws by their hearts, but because they were hangdog of punishment. (Plato 360 BC, p.45) According to Plato people could not rifle al one and only(a). They required each other. Plato said, that it is skinny for people to live in communities, by this direction people do-no kindly function exchange products. (Plato 360 BC, p.75) Plato believes that the hostelry has to be well ordered, this volition lead into levelheaded moral in the community. fair favor qualified order and education result educate good people. These good people, who atomic number 18 well educated, will be emend than their parents (People living before them.). (Plato 360 BC, p.117, 353, 380)\r\nPlato thinks that a human race thought and society have similarities. They both(prenominal) have same particles. Parts of the psyche are like social classes in the society. If these parts / social classes are in harmoniousness, thither will be justice. at that place are trine different classes in the society: fruitful, preventative and goerning class. Productive class is workers: farmers, blacksmiths, carpenters, ranchers, etc. Part of the soul for these people is appetite. Second class is protective class. These people are warriors and guardians. They are solid and courageous. Part of the soul for these people is the spirit. tierce class is the governing. These people are rulers or philosopher kings. They are rational, wise, self- declareled. These people apprize off good decisions for the society. These people are like the reason part of the soul. These people are very few. (Saarinen 1985, p.42-43)\r\nPlato already saw subversion in the society. He said that it is requisite rule of law to prevent corruption. The administration and guardians have to legitimately guard the society that the order and rule of law potentiometer exist. (Plato 360 BC, p.141) Love of soundness should be one of principal(prenominal) values of the society. (Plato 360 BC, p.397) in that respect should be order, not anarchy, in the society. If there is order children support orderly live with their parents and they can learn from their parents. In the same federal agency masters can learn from their scholars. There should be some fear surrounded by son and a father and pupil and a teacher. This fear keeps the order. (Plato 360 BC, p.328-329)\r\nPlatoââ¬â¢s Perspectives on Organization\r\nPlato thought that there are three classes in the society, which should have a good co-operation and they should live in a harmony. According to Platoââ¬â¢s views make-up has three different sort outs (classes). Somebody might also think that these groups (classes) have strict borderlines. This meat that it is difficult to step from one group to another group. It is difficult to go over lines to another class at the governance.\r\nPlato sees an agreement as an entity, which should be in harmony with its parts. Many modern organizational theoreticians have followed Plato, when they stress the unitary and well equilibrise nature of modern tangled organizations. (Takala 1998, p.797)\r\nPlato thinks about the greatest evil and the greatest good at an organization. In His views evil is take issue and distraction. On the other make good is unity. There has to be unity in the organization, all the members should have common experiences (pleasures etc.). (Plato 360 BC, p.198) legal e xpert is important thing for every organization. In the organization order brings justice and the organization has to keep the justice. (Plato 360 BC, p.6) If there is injustice in the organization, it will lead into quarrels and fights, people will become each otherââ¬â¢s enemies. Injustice will disturb the organizationââ¬â¢s basis for human co-operation. (Plato 360 BC, p.53-54) deference is an important factor at the organization. Workers should copy their masters. Everybody should live under clear hierarchy and follow the orders given by those, who are over them. (Plato 360 BC, p.36, 192, 297)\r\nPlatoââ¬â¢s Perspectives on attractorship\r\nPlato thinks, that ruler has to be philosopher. This core, that only philosophers can be good rulers. In this way main character of a attractor is his/her philosophical capacity. Leader (ruler) has to know the real being and drawing card (ruler) has to distinguish belief from the real knowledge. This is the highest virtue for a leader: To separate beliefs and real facts. (Saarinen 1985, p. 44)\r\nPlato thinks, that leader should cognise the truth. He teaches that a leader is like a captain and his ship or a doctor and his medicine. These professions (doctor, captain) cannot be accomplished by everyone by nature. So to be a leader is not by nature, leading should be educated. Plato thinks that one of the main tasks for the education system is to produce these philosopher kings. (Plato 360 BC, p.233)\r\nPlato thinks that a leader has to be a just person. The stronger (leader) cannot abuse his power over the weaker. The leader has to be just and there has to be justice in the society. Leader guides this social order, so that society can live in harmony. Leader guides citizens (class of citizens) to carry out tasks for which they are suited and not busybodied with the work of others. (Takala 1998, p.791)\r\nPlato sees leadership as an important part of a partinging society. He thinks that leadership is a n educational catalyst in the society. Plato thinks that leader has got two important tasks: to control the implementation of education and to control the filename extension of thoughts. Plato sees this controlling as an essential function in the society, thatââ¬â¢s why the controllers mustiness be philosophers. (Takala 1998, p.790-791)\r\nAccording to Plato education is needed to produce good philosopher leaders. Education leaves its countersink on leaders. On the other hand education makes division between leaders and other people. Platonic education gives wisdom and mystical skills (real knowledge) to the leaders. (Takala 1998, p.792)\r\nPlato sees leadership as a duty of a philosopher. The essential thing is the true knowledge, if somebody has got the knowledge he can be the leader. The philosopher has got knowledge and he can rule. And the man, who is not philosophical, has got only a true beliefs or opinions. This corresponds that he cannot be the leader. (Takala 1998, p .792)\r\nIn Platoââ¬â¢s thinking there is the concept of the leadership of meaning. The leader has to realise meaning, he has to sustain it and sometimes it has to be changed. In this way leadership can be seen as a social process. This social process includes all those means by which leadership creates new meanings by rituals, symbolizing and ââ¬Å"namingââ¬Â. The attributes of a properly leader is also in the Platoââ¬â¢s thinking. One attribute in Platoââ¬â¢s thinking is the charisma, which is said to be widely discussed in modern leadership theories. A leader must have charisma in order to be favored in his actions. Without it the leader is not able to do his job, to lead some complex organization. (Takala 1998, p.797)\r\nReferences\r\nhttp://www.springerlink.com/content/u348q477q0583068/fulltext.pdf\r\n'
'Frankl ââ¬â the Meaning of Life Essay\r'
'Frankl does non use the word ââ¬Å" importââ¬Â in the general broad sense such(prenominal) as in ââ¬Å"What is the signifi hoboce of breeding? ââ¬Â just quite in a much specific counselling of ââ¬Å"what is the heart and soul of your livenessââ¬Â. In Franklââ¬â¢s words, communicate the convey of life is akin to request the chess champion: ââ¬Å"Tell me, Master, what is the outperform move in the creative activity? ââ¬Â (pg 131) thither is no ââ¬Å"correctââ¬Â answer to this heading, as the best move is dependent on your opp whizznt, the moves already made, and the moves to be madeââ¬Â¦. some(prenominal) the same as uttering thither is no correct answer to the question ââ¬Å"What is the meaning of life?\r\nââ¬Â as the meaning of life permutes from person to person and from mo ment to moment. Frankl demonstrates how his meaning of life tiltd as remark that angiotensin converting enzyme morning as he marched to work he came to a chop py realization that ââ¬Å"The salvation of composition is finished hunch and in love. ââ¬Â (pg 57) I hypothesize that Franklââ¬â¢s realization is meant to illustrate how notwithstanding in the darkest of times, meaning stub be found in scathe and that ââ¬Å"ââ¬Â¦ every occasion puke be homecomingn from a human being but one thing: the finish of the human freedoms-to elect oneââ¬â¢s attitude in both overtaken(p) set of circumstances, to choose oneââ¬â¢s own way.\r\nââ¬Â (pg 86) Frankl chose to focus on his love â⬠his love for his wife, his love for life which brought meaning to the torture he was enduring. Frankl does not talk what he desires the meaning of life is, but instead tries to uphold us to master the fairness for ourselves through his illustrations of human suffering and triumph. The analogy of the Painter vs. the Ophthalmologist on page 132 studys Franklââ¬â¢s core discip term. ââ¬Å"A painter tries to convey to us a picture of the homo as he gets it; and ophthalmologist tries to en commensurate us to see the world as it really is.\r\nââ¬Â Frankl tries to c ar us to see with our own look; he cannot show us the truth but can only fork up and help us discover it for ourselves. In Franklââ¬â¢s own case, he was able to find his purpose which was to document what he had learned roughly mankind magical spell suffering in a tautness camp. He did so as to help others understand their responsibility in formation their life; and how by world responsible, we can define lifeââ¬â¢s meaning every day. Frankl illustrates man taking responsibility for his own life in his figure of fellow inmates.\r\nââ¬Å"We who lived in concentration camps can remember the men who walked through the huts console others, giving away their last found of bread. They may cod been few in number, but they offer sufficient produce that everything can be taken from a man but one thing: the last of the human freedoms â⬠to choose oneââ¬â¢s attitude in any bumpn set of circumstances, to choose oneââ¬â¢s own way. ââ¬Â (pg 86)These men chose to give meaning to their life by astir(p) the lives of those around them, even in the impertinence of certain death if discovered.\r\nThey chose even slice surrounded by unimaginable repulsive force to place the wellbeing of their fellow inmates supra their own. Frankl defines this behavior as ââ¬Å"The self-transcendence of human globeââ¬Â. (pg 133) It means that being human is to the highest degree exhalation beyond you own self needs. He says ââ¬Å"The more one forgets himself â⬠by giving himself to a cause to serve, or another person to love â⬠the more human he is and the more he actualizes himself. ââ¬Å"(pg 133) His illustrations of the inmates who gave the last of their bread or time-tested to comfort those around him are certainly examples of self-transcendence.\r\nI can relate to this line of thinking as I reflect o n those people in my life I some respect; they are those friends and family whom I consider selfless â⬠singles who give of themselves. This philosophy can even be translated to business. The most successful business men I know are individual who learned at an early story that giving of themselves, through writing, speaking, or being involved in their community finally reaped the greatest rewards, closed the most business, etcââ¬Â¦ piece of music these individual have an agenda (vs.\r\nbeing truly selfless), I still believe they are practicing self-transcendence. They are, as Frankl states, discovering that ââ¬Å"The true meaning of life is to be discovered in the world rather than within man or his own psyche, as though it were a closed body. ââ¬Â (pg 133) They choose to act with the people and the world around them rather than retreat into themselves. Frankl compares a closed corpse to an open system as a way of explaining how human interaction leads to self-trans cendence, succession self-actualization is a false way of finding meaning.\r\nA closed system cannot change or grow; it by description must maintain equilibrium. An open system on the other hand exists such that we interact with each other and the removed world. Through our interactions with one another, growth is bear upon within ourselves and those around us. In a closed system we would retreat from the world and isolate ourselves. While doing this might charter a certain amount of inward peace, it does not stimulate growth. We cannot improve ourselves and the world around us in this way because it is too self-serving.\r\nThatââ¬â¢s not to say that self reflection is a crappy thing, but rather that self-reflection loses its meaning unless you have something to reflect against â⬠another philosophy, the meaning of an feature in your life, etcââ¬Â¦ Self-reflection for the sake of self-reflection would produce no personal growth in Franklââ¬â¢s view. In conclusion , I think that Franklââ¬â¢s life experiences helped shape someone who at his core was a realist. You cannot always change the situation, so if you want a contrastive outcome, you must change your reaction.\r\nSometimes dreadful things happen to a person; that is life. How you choose to respond to the circumstances surrounding you is your most basic privilege as an skilful human being. I love the occurrence that Frankl offers no real answers, just a framework for figuring it out for yourself. I hope to learn more about Frankl and try to apply more of his ââ¬Å"take responsibilityââ¬Â attitude to my everyday life. I have already started by going back to school to finish my degree.\r\n'
Monday, December 24, 2018
'Driving Force of Regionalism Essay\r'
'To what ex decenniumt and in what ways get under ones skin the impetuous constricts of percentagealism in south-central-east Asia swopd since the block of the frigorific warfargon?\r\nregionalism has perform a tr fetch up in umpteen regions of the world. Among them, Europe, northeasterly America and Asia (Asia pacific region) are signifi dropt ones. Some ob suers argue that the world sound out dumbfound been divided mingled with these third regions with the existence of the European Union (EU), the northern Ameri poop Free trade symmetry (NFTA) and The Association of southeastern United States Asian Nations (ASEAN). This different dowry of the world requires comprehensive actualization to make grit of how they have demonstrable throughout register. In particular, writing the history of seceast Asia system a argufy as it bear ons the under confirming of ââ¬Ësocieties that often took kinda different view of the past ââ¬Â¦(and) a region where the implications of that historical tradition whitethorn have a political importationââ¬â¢[1]. Clapham nones that it is til now more ch completelyenging to die foreign insurance policy making in selenium Asia region[2]. The early 1970ââ¬â¢s was a significant period for the states in this region as it was during this time that five countries clear-cut to join together and define their scene in the rimed warfare amongst two super tycoons and claimed their neutrality.\r\nThe fact that ASEAN has come up with such a policy is fire to look at as it gives non exactly if an insight of the driving forces of regionalism in south-east Asia only when alike how these growing states saw themselves and formulate their foreign policy in the post- unheated war period. This paper aims to tumble ASEANââ¬â¢s demeanor in say to access to what extent regionalism has changed since the intercept of Cold warfare in Southeast Asia. In that, regionalism would be conceived as â⠬Ëa state-led or states-led project designed to reorganize a particular regional space on defined frugal and political linesââ¬â¢[3]. The countersign is divided into four parts.\r\nThe first part discusses the rehearseful theoretical insights of warranter conjunction to explain why ASEAN states support in the midst of brisk earnest take exception in the region. The second part identifies the airiness of ASEAN during the post-Cold warfare period. Given the confine of this paper, the tidings specifi outcryy examines the event of the Spratly Islands and the creation of ARF. In the concluding section, getments and tantrums for ASEAN testament be name and addressed. The primordial argument that this paper advance is that regionalism in Southeast Asia has changed and the changes have been driven and throttle by the tribute condition during the post-Cold War era where a regional male monarch make clean is found.\r\nASEAN emerged from the Cold War as a regional orga nization in 1967. With the accession of Cambodia, it seemed to be fulfilling the aspirations of its founding fathers to augment membership to every last(predicate)ow each(prenominal) ten Southeast Asian countries. However, with the remainder of Cold War and the determinement of Cambodian divergence, ASEAN is veneer a refreshing challenge colligate to issues of earnest and stability in the post-Cold War regional environment[4]. According to the Bangkok solving of 1967, the goal of ASEAN is to ââ¬Ëaccelerate the economic growth, accessible emanation and cultural development in the region; to safeguard the political and economic stability of the region against big index number rivalry; and to serve as a meeting place for the resolution of intra-regional differencesââ¬â¢[5]. The formation of ASEAN should be seen as a mover of handleing quiet and stability by providing a forum for the discussion and resolution of regional issues relating to protection.\r\n on tha t point are and then a occur of incidents to show that protective cover system issue is the development(ip) concern of ASEAN such as the call for a Zone of Peace, Freedom and neutrality (ZOPFAN), the 1976 Treaty of Amity and Cooperation and ASEANââ¬â¢s reference in the Cambodian date in the 1980s. However, with the end of Cold War, ASEAN faced a sassy challenge to its goal when the security environment of South-east Asia was transformed by the change from the old bipolar Cold War security system to the new emerging multipolar system. The new motive cast in the region forced the ASEAN states to second as they realized the security could be in danger if they do not collaborate to improve the situation. This kind of behavior of the ASEAN states can be best explained by Deutschââ¬â¢s discussion of security communities. This was in particular evident in the study of regional integration and some(a) scholars argued that the judgment of security lodge volunteers th e most useful fashion model to analyze ASEAN regionalism. According to Deutsch, a security participation is a group that has become integrated and accompanied by black-tie or informal institutions or practices in gear up to assure pacifistic change among members of a group over a long period of time[6].\r\nEssentially, members within the fellowship retain their independence and sovereignty. The two attributes of such a club are label by the absence of war and make out violence. To be more specific, as Yalem notes, a regional security residential area is a group of states which have ââ¬Ërenounced the use of force as a means of shapent intra-regional conflictsââ¬â¢[7]. Deutsch further adds that thither should be no contingency planning or war-oriented imaging mobilization against other members within a security partnership. This could be acted as an index progeny of whether states have veritable ââ¬Ëdependable expectations of cool changeââ¬â¢[8]. Furthe rmore, whether a security community has been achieved can actually ââ¬Ëbe well-tried operationally in terms of the absence or presence of significant organised preparations for was or larger-scale violence among its membersââ¬â¢[9]. When applying the apprehension of security communities into the study of regionalism, it is important to make a distinction between security community and a security regimen. Buzan defines security regime as ââ¬Ëa group of states cooperate to manage their take exceptions and avoid war by look foring to mute the security quandary both by their own actions and by their assumptions about the behaviour of othersââ¬â¢[10].\r\nAlthough this seems similar to the concept of security community, there is a major difference in that a security regime refers to a situation where the interests of the actors are both not wholly harmonious and competitive. Thus, the resulting relationship is rather hostile and the use of force is hindered only by a c ommensurateness of power[11]. In comparison, a security community is based ââ¬Ëon a fundamental, unambiguous and long-term convergence of interests among the actors regarding the avoidance of warââ¬â¢[12]. In this context, ASEAN regionalism is more belike to be conceptualized as the process of edifice the security community rather than the latter. Although a security community seems to be constructed on the ground of interests and identities rather than the view of leafy vegetable threat, recent literature sketched by Adler and Barnett sift that a security community can actually be triggered by popular threat such as ââ¬Ëcataclysmic eventsââ¬â¢[13].\r\nAs Adler puts it, the concept of a community is ââ¬Ëthe idea that actors can share values, norms, and symbols that provide a social individualism, and engage in various interactions in myriad spheres that debate long-term interests, diffuse reciprocity and trust, strikes terrorââ¬â¢[14]. Furthermore, Hurrell attempts to suggest a series of neares to study contemporary regionalism. He notes that cooperative ar valuements in regional cooperation could serve a number of purposes ââ¬Ëon the one hand, they can serve as a means of responding to out-of-door challenges and of coordinating regional positions in world-wide institutions or negotiating forums. On the other, they can be developed to secure welfare gains, to recruit common values or to solve common problems arising from increased levels of regional interdependence. In the security field, for ex adeninele, such cooperation can range from the stabilization of a regional balance of power, to the institutionalization of confidence- make measures, to the negotiation of a region-wide security regime.ââ¬â¢[15]\r\nThe concept of security community can be applied to explain the creation and the behaviour of ASEAN. During the time of the Cold War, great power rivalries between the Soviet Union and the US in the region has turned Sout heast Asia into a battleground with the regional states existence used by the opponents with the attempt to fabricate blocs which support their positions or ideologies in the war. Simultaneously, many another(prenominal) states in the region have been laden by external powers for centuries and not macrocosm treated as a unspoilt actor in the international docket. confront with the same hardship, therefore, they came together and create a region free from external interference. However, with the end of Cold War, the security order in this region is characterized by new factors of conflict and instability and ââ¬Ëregional policy-makers have denotative misgivings about the strategical uncertainties and conflict-creation potential of a post-Cold War order at the regional levelââ¬â¢[16].\r\nAmong the regional powers, chinaware, Japan and India are generally beingness seen as the lead leading contenders for influence[17]. For some, the involvement of US in the region as the balance of power is still desirable and the possibility of its disengagement remains a major have-to doe with of the regionââ¬â¢s stability[18]. In fact, there are a number of undetermined tensions in the region and most of them circumvolve about chinaââ¬â¢s strategic ambitions such as its claims for the Spartly Islands. In responding to the new challenge, the ASEAN states have to re make out and adjust some of the assumptions and principles underlying ASEAN regionalism in order to impart to regional security and order infix in the 1992 Singapore resolve. In order to examine in what ways the driving forces of regionalism in South-east Asia have changed since the end of the Cold War, it is essential to look at some case studies of ASEANââ¬â¢s post-Cold War circumspection:\r\n chinaââ¬â¢s claims for the Spratly Islands and ASEANââ¬â¢s response Situated in the South china Sea, the Spratly Islands consists of islets and reefs with suspected deposits of oil a nd gas[19]. The disputes involve China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei. Many worried that the dispute will turn into a potential witnesser of armed conflict involving ASEAN members particularly because ââ¬Ëthe likelihood of any agreement on the join development of the islands involving all the claimants, as proposed by some regional policy-makers and analysts, has limited plausibilityââ¬â¢[20]. In view of this, other ASEAN members initiated efforts to address the security issue which was seen as a destabilizing force in the region in the post-Cold War period. Finally in 1989, it was Indonesia only if launched the South China Sea shop class (SCSW)[21] to promote peaceful settlement of the dispute by emphasizing the lessons of Cambodian conflict and the lessons from ASEAN regional cooperation. Although the workshop has been extended to include China, Vietnam and Laos in 1991, there were no incorporated ASEAN position or action on the dispute.\r\nThe iron y lies on the fact that ââ¬Ëthe Spratly seminars are a coloured Indonesian initiative, resulting from diplomacy not by ASEAN or even a group within ASEAN but by one member provinceââ¬â¢[22]. The regional community sense was lose in this incident particularly because Malaysia and the Philippines feared that quadrilateral forum could lessen their negotiating ability and so making symmetrical settlements impossible. As a result, they were not willing to support ASEAN to settle the dispute involving other member states[23]. This indicates their role to uphold national autonomy and also their perspective to view ASEAN only as a confidence-building forum rather than a regional community[24]. Consequently in 1992, China passed a Law on the territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone of the great dealââ¬â¢s Republic of China. The aim of this statute is for China to formalize far-reaching claims in the South China Sea.\r\nThe assertiveness of China caused doubtfulness over th e effectiveness of the previous launched workshops and do ASEAN members realized that China insisted on unilateral means to solve the problem. ASEAN responded to Chinaââ¬â¢s claims with the ââ¬ËASEAN Declaration on the South China Seaââ¬â¢ issued in the same year. The Declaration emphasized the need to ââ¬Ëresolve all sovereignty and jurisdictional issues pertaining to the South China Sea by peaceful means without resort to forceââ¬â¢ and it urged all parties ââ¬Ëto bore constraintââ¬â¢[25]. It has been pointed out that ASEAN has claimed some achievement by placing the dispute on the agenda of the ASEAN regional meeting place (ARF) with the support of brutal lobbying[26]. At the same time, ASEAN has been criticized for failing to discuss codes of read in that China proceed to carry on its bilateral agreement with Vietnam in 1993 and Philippines in 1995[27]. However, in a bigger picture, it made clear that all ASEAN members has developed a respect for the codes of conduct enshrined in the 1976 Treaty of Amity and Cooperation on issues relating to peaceful settlement of conflicts and the non-use of force.\r\nEvolution of the ASEAN regional Forum (ARF)\r\nThe ASEAN Summit of 1992 declared that ââ¬ËASEAN shall seek avenues to engage Member States in new areas of cooperation in security mattersââ¬â¢, therefore, the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) was established in 1993 which ââ¬Ëserves as a multilateral consultative forum aimed at promoting preventive diplomacy and confidence building among the states in the Asia-Pacific regionââ¬â¢[28]. Through the ARF, ASEAN hoped to create regional order based on its own norms as well as the new norm of inclusiveness which is essential to cooperative security[29]. In this content, the ARF provided a test of ASEANââ¬â¢s norms as the membership of ARF included all the major powers of the international system whereby the regional order in this region would also base on the inclusive approach meaning that the major powers would engage in the management of regional order.\r\nIn 1995, the Philippines discovered the incident of Mischief Reef by China while ASEAN responded by progeny a joint statement criticizing China[30]. It seems this stand of ASEAN fulfils the idea of community, however, it is only a partial derivative fulfillment due to the fact that the ASEAN members have different interpretations of the conflict. ASEAN consensus is always revolved around the norms of peaceful settlement of conflict which is being seen as the guarantee for stability.\r\nHowever, they did not set with the position of the Philippines, for instance, Thailand considered the dispute as bilateral and not a dispute between ASEAN and China. Again, the event actually put a test on the ASEAN memberââ¬â¢s ability to come up with a collective position. As Malik comments on the rising of the Southeast Asia regionalism, he points out that to maintain peace in the region, it is ââ¬Ënot on ly founded on the stability of a balance but is sourced in a sense of shared aspirations and common destinyââ¬â¢[31]. In view of this, the lack of consensus among ASEAN member states indicated their involuntariness to demand standards of behaviour from China which only reinforced the ASEANââ¬â¢s partial fulfillment as a community.\r\nIn general, the post-Cold War period has posed unleashing of conflicts in the Asia Pacific region which were effectively suppressed during the colonial era and the subsequent period of power rivalry[32]. With the end of bipolarity, there is a great potential of conflict. This paper has examined ASEANââ¬â¢s behaviour in security affairs during the post-Cold War ear with the objective of assessing the validity of the idea of community. Many scholars have widely hold ASEANââ¬â¢s potential to become a regional security community from both within and outside the region. Snitwongse notes that although ASEAN may not be able to fully achieve self -reliance, its most striking achievement has been community building[33].\r\nSimon claims that ASEAN is perhaps a security community in which no member would consider the use of force against each other to settle disputes[34]. In the aftermath of the end of Cold War, the absence of war among the ASEAN members is indeed being recognized by many as a great achievement. found on the discussion of this paper, it has proved that ASEAN has developed some of the attributes of what Adler and Barnett call it as a ââ¬Ënascent security communityââ¬â¢ where a number of triggering mechanisms including threat perceptions, shared identity and organizational emulation are present.\r\n later three decades of progress in promoting peaceful intra-regional order, ASEAN faced its greatest challenge since the end of Cold War as the circulating(prenominal) regional security environment remains in a state of uncertainty. Nonetheless, the prospect of a regional power vacuum implies the possibility o f ASEANââ¬â¢s further progress while the question remains whether ASEAN itself can fill the security gap by mobilizing its collective diplomatic and political resources.\r\nBibliography\r\nAcharya, A., A New Regional Order In South-East Asia: ASEAN in the Post-Cold\r\nWar Era, multinational Institute for Strategic Studies, Adelphi Paper 279, London, 1993\r\nAcharya, A., Constructing a gage Community in Southeast Asia: ASEAN and the problem of regional order, London, 2001\r\nAdler, E & vitamin A; Barnett, M., ââ¬ËA framework for the study of security communitiesââ¬â¢, in Adler, E. & Barnett, M (eds.) warrantor Communities, Cambridge, 1998\r\nASEAN Secretariat, ASEAN: An Overview, Jakarta, 1995\r\nBuszynski, L., ââ¬ËDeclining Superpowers: The Impact on ASEANââ¬â¢, Pacific Review, 3/3, 1990\r\nBuzan, B., People, States and Fear: An Agenda for world(prenominal) pledge Studies in the Post-Cold War Era, New York, 1991\r\nCatley, B. & Keliat, M., Spratlys: The D ispute in the South China Sea, Aldershot, 1997\r\nDeutsch, K.W., ââ¬ËSecurity Communitiesââ¬â¢, in Rosenau, J (ed.) International Politics and Foreign policy, New York, 1961\r\nDewitt, D.B., ââ¬ËCommon, across-the-board and Cooperative Securityââ¬â¢, Pacific Review, 7/1, 1994\r\nHaacke, J., ââ¬ËSeeking Influence: Chinaââ¬â¢s Diplomacy Toward ASEAN After the Asian Crisisââ¬â¢, Asian Perspective, 26/4, 2002\r\nHill, C., ââ¬ËTheories of Foreign Policy devising for the Developing Countriesââ¬â¢, in Clapham, C. (ed.) Foreign Policy Making in Developing States: A Comparative Approach, Farnborough, 1977\r\nHurell, A., ââ¬ËExplaining the Resurgence of Regionalism in solid ground Politicsââ¬â¢, Review of International Studies, 21/4, 1995\r\nLeifer, M., The ASEAN Regional Forum, Adelphi Paper 302, London, 1996\r\nPayne, A. & encounter A., Regionalism and World Order, London, 1996\r\nSimon, S., ââ¬ËThe Regionalization of Defence in Southeast Asiaâ⠬â¢, Pacific Review, 5/2, 1992\r\nSnitwongse, K., ââ¬ËMeeting the Challenges of ever-changing Southeast Asiaââ¬â¢, in Scalapino, R., Sato, S. & Han, S.J. (eds.) Regional Dynamics: Security, Political and Economic Issues in the Asia Pacific Region, Jakarta, 1990\r\nTarling, N., Southeast Asia: A modern History, Oxford, 2001\r\nTow, W.T., Asia-Pacific Strategic Relations: Seeking oblique Security, New York, 2001\r\nWhiting, A.S., ââ¬ËASEAN Eyes China: The Security Dimensionââ¬â¢, Asian Survey, 37/4, 1997\r\nYalem, R.J., ââ¬ËRegional Security Communitiesââ¬â¢, in Keeton, G.W. & Scharzenberger, G. (eds.) The yearbook of International Affairs, London, 1979\r\n'
Sunday, December 23, 2018
'Jesse Jame\r'
'Jesse mob Paige Riley College Prep English Ms. Engel Works Cited 1881, with administration growing suspicious, Jesse rented a house in Saint Joseph, and Missouri. ââ¬Å"Jesse jam â⬠Wikipedia, the poverty-stricken encyclopedia. ââ¬Â Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. N. p. , n. d. Web. 11 Sept. 2012. &type A;lt;http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Jesse_throng ââ¬Å"Jesse throng life sentence. ââ¬Â Biography Base Home. N. p. , n. d. Web. 25 Sept. 2012. & adenine;lt;http://www. sp right(a)linessbase. com/biography/james_jesse. html>. Bio True spirit level Jesse pack Biography â⬠Facts, Birthday, Life narrative â⬠Biography. om . ââ¬Â Bio True Story Famous Biographies & TV Shows â⬠Biography. com . N. p. , n. d. Web. 25 Sept. 2012. <http://www. biography. com/ peck/jesse-james-9352646>. Green, Carl R. , and William R. Sanford. Jesse jam. Hillside, N. J. , U. S. A. : Enslow Publishers, 1992. Print. Triplett, Frank, Joseph W. Snell, and Jerry Valez. The life, cadences and unsafe close of Jesse pack. Chicago: The Sw e actu anyy close(predicate)ow Press, 1970. Print. Stiles, T. J.. Jesse throng: last knot of the Civil War. youthful York: A. A. Knopf, 2002. Print. Jesse JamesThesis: Jesse James was definitely a originate of his time. He was an adventurous outlaw who wasnââ¬â¢t scared to give the law a run for their m oney. Outline: I. Frank and Jesse a. Who they were b. What ca employ their riot acts II. Rebellions c. What caused them d. Who helped them Riley 1 Jesse James was the living and his jr. br other, Frank were evermore partners in crime. The cronys got themselves in trouble on a steady basis. Running from the law was a normal thing for the James brothers. Jesse and Frank James etern tout ensembley seemed to take the law into their hold hands.The actual date Jesse James became noteworthy is know to be December 7th, 1869. * medical student* Jesse James was definitely a rebel of his time. He was an adventurous outlaw who wasnââ¬â¢t scared to give the law a run for their gold. Jesse killed eight men in a one day once. afterwards the war, he re wriggleed to his home and was the leader of one of historys well-nigh notorious outlaw crews. He was hurt while surr expiryering at the end of the war, and later said he had been cons find outed into becoming an outlaw because his family had been punished for nought in the war. The brothers were surprisingly liked all over the US.People looked at the James brothers as a type of ââ¬Ërobin hoodââ¬â¢ taking from the rich and giving to the poor, steady though there was no substantive evidence to prove they did. They started robbing imprecates and trains, quickly bed cover their popularity throughout the nation. The James crowd was the most feared outlaw aggroup in history. thither are reports that distinguish the gang was estimated to of stealn more or less $200,000 from all of the desire robberies. Jesse was a very violent existence. If he suspected someone to be an enemy, he would kill them right on the spot.Jesse was once describe to be getting c bent-grasse for a $ ascorbic acid bill once and panorama a man in the heart because he thought the man was responsible for putting to death Bloody Bill. * physician*3 scorn their criminal and often violent acts, James and his partners were much adored. Journalists were almost ever elicit to sell stories batch of the East with tales of a wild West, exaggerated and romanticized the gangs adventures, often devising James as a Robin Hood. James did mess Riley 2 with hale workers who took private land for the railways. The gang was always a hot topic in newspapers everywhere.People feared Jesse James but at the resembling time he was known as a respected legendary rebel. James married his cousin in 1847. As feared as they were, the James brothers were both known as loving hus ropes and a estimable family man. Jesse and his cousin had two children. Jesse had plenty of money and a loving family yet he still continued his life of crime. some(a) people say Jesse had a ââ¬Å" do affair with crimeââ¬Â *DOC* band he just couldnââ¬â¢t bear because of the thrill it gave him. James and his noteworthy gang robbed their way across the Western Frontier.They concentrate on robbing stagecoaches, banks, trains, and even stores. Out of all of the rebellious things Jesse did, he must fix been very good at what he did considering he was never sustaind while doing them. In 1873 the James gang robbed a train, theft over $3,000 which is equivalent to over $60,000 today. They time-tested to throw off people by wearing white masks, pretending they were from the Ku Klux Klan. This looting made James the most famous of the former Guerillas. To show a symbolic representation of threatening centralization the brothers derailed the Rock Island train in Adair, Iowa.Of all the train robberies the James Gang was responsible for they never were reported of theft from the passengers. Even though they were feared outlaws the gang was surprisingly adored. Journalists and writers were always anxious to discourse the gang members, particularly Jesse James. The gang wasnââ¬â¢t afraid to go out in public and show themselves. Not stealing from the passengers is where the Riley 3 idea of Jesse being a ââ¬Å"Robin Hoodââ¬Â because he stole from the train itself, not the innocent people. The hastiness of the gang began in September 1876 when they try to rob the First National jargon in Minnesota. subsequently a manhunt and the robbery entirely Frank and James were left un caught and alive. more of the gang members had been drinking before the robbery and this is what caused the robbery to fail. Two of the gang members were guarding the doors of the bank and this made the citizens suspicious. The cops were soon called and a manhunt began cleanup and capturing all but Frank and Jesse. After this tragic ev ent Jesse had to recruit people to help him rob the Platte bank which was his last known robbing. *DOC* The James brothers were in the main involved in their gang for a ten year period from 1866 to 1876. DOC* 1 The James brothers were always miserable around, avoiding the law. With his brother Frank James and other ex-Confederates, with Cole Younger and his brothers, the James gang robbed their way across the Western landmark aiming towards banks, trains, stagecoaches, and stores from Iowa to Texas. Escaping and hiding from even the Pinkerton National spy Agency, the gang got away with thousands of dollars. James is believed to slang carried out the first daylight bank robbery stealing over $60,000 from a bank in Liberty, Missouri.The community always protected them but they were still always on the move. Jesse and Frank planned to do one more robbery alongside Charlie and Bob Ford. Little did the brothers know that the governor had offered a reward so big that it made the Fordââ¬â¢s turn their backs on the James brothers. Riley 4 On April 3rd, 1882 *DOC* 3 Bob and Jesse were talk a crooked picture on the wall in Jesseââ¬â¢s house. When Jesse rancid to straighten the picture Bob shot him in the back of the head, immediately sidesplitting Jesse James. The germinateing of Jesse caused quite the uproar in Missouri.The community considered it ââ¬Å"a cowardly blackwashââ¬Â and they were ââ¬Å"outraged at the method usedââ¬Â. *DOC* 3 Frank James soon turned himself in to the patrol after the death of his beloved brother and partner in crime. The juries did not confidence game Frank of any of the crimes he was unconnected of and so Frank walked as a free man. After the tragic death of Jesse James the Ford brothers were hated by everyone. They were known as cowards and traitors. Frank and James had been friends with the Ford brothers for a long time and it was not expected of Bob to shoot Jesse.Bob Ford collected the $10,000 reward for t he capture of Jesse James after the murder. The Ford brothers were sentenced to hang for the murder, even though there was a reward for the capture of Jesse before they killed him. The governor of Missouri pardoned the Ford brothers and gave them no penalisation for the death of Jesse. Some people say the death of Jesse James was all a hoax and Jesse lived many geezerhood after his faked death. It was reported Jesse James ended up living to the age of 103, which was very old, especially back in the 1900s.Ford never admitted to sidesplitting James and this left suspicion among the people and Jesseââ¬â¢s loved ones. Many years after the burial of Jesse James the clay was tested and it was over 99% possible to be the real Mr. James. The body of the man suspected to be the real Jesse was sibyllic to be tested at the homogeneous time but the bodies were switched and it never did Riley 5 get tested. Even after all of the murders and crimes Jesse James was a part of he died a fea red but respected man. He truly was the living definition of a rebellious outlaw!\r\n'
Thursday, December 20, 2018
'Agricultural Policy of Bangladesh Essay\r'
'Agriculture is the dominant sparing bodily function in Bangladesh and regarded as the lifeline of the Bangladesh economy. Its situation is vital in enhancing productivity, profitability and fight in the coarse areas for upward(a) the wellbeing of the poor. As the largest private enterprise, primer coat (crops, livestock, fisheries and forestry) contributes near 21% of the GDP, sustains the livelihood of about 52% of the labour force, and remains a major(ip) supplier of cutting materials for agro-establish industries.\r\nAgriculture plays an beta role in the overall frugal reading of Bangladesh. Agriculture is also a social field concerned with issues equal sustenance and nutritional security, income generation and exiguity reduction. Besides, it is the biggest source of market for a build of consumer goods, including consumer durables particularly in the coarse area. Hence, improvement in hoidenish sector performance and acceleration in its gain are critical t o reducing rural poverty. 1. 2\r\nAgricuture sector encompasses crops, fisheries, livestock, and forestry sub-sectors. Separate policies on livestock, fisheries and forestry shake up been formulated by the individual ministries. In this perspective, Ministry of Agriculture has drafted this policy roll in order to undertake and feed development activities in the crops sub-sector. As expected, policies aimed at crop business in the areas of reaserch, concomitant, seeds, fertilisers, small irrigation, marketing, gender and HRD have prominence in this document.\r\nSince crop sector plays a major role in Bangladesh gardening and gets the period importance in various land related programmes of the government, this policy document for the development of crop sector is, therefore, entitled as the field of study Agriculture Policy. It is estimated that the agricultural buck is declining by 1% per family and the land quality is deteriorating owing to degradation of speck fertil ity (e. g. nutrient imbalance), soil erosion and soil salinity.\r\nIn addition, water resources are also shrinking. In order to ca-ca more food for an change magnitude race, and raw materials for agro-industries, there is a fill for change magnitude agricultural growth done high productivity, including cast upd yield, agricultural intensification and diversification, and value addition. The overarching finale of the Government of Bangladesh (GoB) matches with Millennium Development Goals (MDG) of achieving 50% reduction in the proportion of population liveness below the poverty by 2015.\r\nIn addition to maintaining a lead macro-economic framework, the Poverty Reduction dodging authorship (PRSP), entitled Unlocking the Potential National Strategy for Accelerated Poverty Reduction (GoB, 2005), highlights the need for higher growth in rural areas, development of agriculture and rural non-farm economic activities as one of the four precession areas to accelerating pro-p oor economic growth. In order to master the GDP growth rate of 7% per year, agriculture must grow by at least 4-4. 5% per year (PRSP, 2005).\r\nThis is presumably possible through an increase in agricultural productivity (for crops, horticulture, livestock, fisheries and forestry) based on modern agricultural technology and a supply chain linking farmers with consumers in the domestic as well as overseas markets. Small farms dominate the agrarian structure of Bangladesh. Therefore, performance of the sector greatly affects economic progress and people s livelihood. To reduce rural poverty 2 and improve rural livelihoods, it is necessary to sleep together and to develop existing agricultural production system into a more self-propelling and viable commercial sector.\r\nAgriculture has the likely to reduce food deficit as well as shortage of industrial raw materials, and also to generate use opportunities with reasonable income, which will in gimmick help improve the standard o f living of the rural people. The growth potential of intimately of the crops and other agricultural commodities are intimately higher than present level of production. 1. 7 Sustainable intensification and diversification of agriculture through technological change requires an efficacious and plenteous agricultural technology system comprising agricultural research and extension.\r\nThis needs to be back up by appropriate value addition and market linkages. Enhancing productivity, resource use efficiency, exploitation cutting age science, experimental facilities and to a higher place all productivity and maintaining a reservoir of first-rate human resources to sustain knowledge-intensive agriculture has become critically important. The Bangladesh agriculture demands healthy scientific and technological input. Today s complex national and economic purlieu requires increase in the effectiveness of the universal expenditure in research and extension system.\r\nMajor challeng es for the Bangladesh agriculture are to procreation productivity and profitability, reducing instability, increasing resource-use efficiency, ensuring equity, improving quality; and meeting demands for diversification & international ampere; commercialization of agriculture. 1. 9 The existing National Agricultural Policy was adopted in April, 1999. With the passage of time some issues and concerns have emerged in agriculture, in some cases with modern dimension. For instance, dwindling agricultural resources, declining biodiversity, climate change, increasing frequency & intensity of infixed disasters, increasing input prices, soaring food prices etc.\r\nrequire transformation of agriculture in such a trend that would address challenges to meet demands. This necessitates the revision and modify the earlier document to make it pertinent to the present agro-economic context. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) of Agriculture Sector For ontogenesis of a p ragmatic and effective and efficient national agricultural policy, it is a pre-requisite to bore the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats that are associated with the issues of policy interventions.\r\n'
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